Understanding your dog’s genetic health is essential for early detection, preventative care, and responsible breeding. Below are some of the most common genetic disorders in dogs that pet owners and breeders should test for to ensure healthier lives for their pets.
1. Hip Dysplasia
This hereditary condition occurs when the hip joint doesn’t fit properly into the socket. As a result, it can lead to arthritis, chronic pain, and reduced mobility — especially in large dog breeds.
2. Elbow Dysplasia
Similarly, elbow dysplasia is caused by abnormal development of the elbow joint. Consequently, it may result in pain, inflammation, and lameness, particularly in fast-growing breeds.
3. Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA)
PRA refers to a group of inherited eye diseases that cause the retina to deteriorate over time. Eventually, this leads to vision loss and, in many cases, complete blindness.
4. Dilated Cardiomyopathy
This genetic heart condition weakens the heart muscle, which in turn reduces its ability to pump blood effectively. If left untreated, it may lead to heart failure and other serious complications.
5. Von Willebrand Disease
Unlike common injuries, this bleeding disorder is caused by a clotting protein deficiency. Therefore, dogs with this condition tend to bleed excessively from even minor wounds or surgeries.
6. Patellar Luxation
In this condition, the dog’s kneecap slips out of place. As a result, the dog may limp or avoid using the affected leg. It is especially common in smaller breeds.
7. Inherited Metabolic Disorders
These disorders — such as phenylketonuria (PKU) and hyperuricosuria — affect how the body processes nutrients. Over time, this may lead to serious health issues, including urinary stones or organ damage.
8. Cataracts
Although cataracts can be age-related, they are often inherited. They cloud the lens of the eye, which can gradually impair vision and even cause blindness.
9. Spinal Dysplasia
This condition involves abnormal development of the spine. As a consequence, affected dogs may suffer from pain, reduced mobility, or even neurological problems.
10. Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones. Consequently, dogs may experience symptoms such as lethargy, weight gain, and skin issues.
Why Genetic Testing for Dogs Matters
Genetic testing helps detect potential health risks before symptoms appear. Moreover, it supports better treatment planning and allows breeders to make more informed decisions. In the long run, testing promotes healthier, happier dogs — and peace of mind for their owners.
Choosing the Right Dog Breed Matters
In addition to genetic testing, choosing the right dog breed plays a major role in long-term health and compatibility. Every breed comes with its own set of predisposed health conditions, energy levels, and lifestyle needs. By researching breed-specific risks and understanding your own lifestyle, you can make a more informed and responsible decision.
That’s where Hands2Paws can help. This free app matches you with the best dog breeds based on your lifestyle, environment, and preferences — while also educating you on breed-specific health concerns.
With tools like Hands2Paws and genetic testing, you’ll be better equipped to find the right companion and ensure a healthier future for your dog.