Comparing Kennel Clubs: USA, Canada, and UK

Comparing Kennel Clubs: USA, Canada, and UK

When it comes to purebred dogs, kennel clubs play a vital role in maintaining breed standards, promoting responsible breeding practices, and organizing dog shows. However, not all kennel clubs recognize the same breeds, leading to variations in breed standards and classifications. In this blog, we will explore the differences between the American Kennel Club (AKC), Canadian Kennel Club (CKC), and UK Kennel Club (UKC), shedding light on how these organizations diverge in their recognition of breeds.

American Kennel Club (AKC)

The AKC, founded in 1884, is the oldest and most influential kennel club in the United States. It recognizes and registers over 195 breeds, categorizing them into seven groups: Sporting, Hound, Working, Terrier, Toy, Non-Sporting, and Herding. The AKC has stringent breed standards, focusing on physical attributes, temperament, and purpose. However, the AKC does not recognize some breeds that are recognized by other kennel clubs, such as the American Pit Bull Terrier.

Canadian Kennel Club (CKC)

Established in 1888, the CKC is the primary kennel club in Canada. It recognizes approximately 175 breeds, organizing them into seven groups: Sporting, Hound, Working, Terrier, Toy, Non-Sporting, and Herding. While the CKC shares many breed standards with the AKC, it also recognizes some breeds that the AKC does not, including the American Pit Bull Terrier. The CKC places emphasis on breed health, temperament, and conformation.

UK Kennel Club (UKC)

The UK Kennel Club, founded in 1873, is the oldest recognized kennel club in the world. It recognizes around 220 breeds, categorizing them into seven groups: Gundog, Hound, Pastoral, Terrier, Toy, Utility, and Working. The UKC has its own set of breed standards, which may differ from those of the AKC and CKC. For instance, the UKC recognizes the American Pit Bull Terrier, which is not recognized by the AKC.

Breed Recognition Discrepancies

One of the primary reasons for differences in breed recognition lies in the varying breed histories and regional preferences. Some breeds may have originated in one country but gained popularity in another, leading to different recognition outcomes. Additionally, breed standards and purposes may evolve over time, resulting in different interpretations by different kennel clubs.

International Alliances

To bridge the gap between kennel clubs and promote breed recognition worldwide, international alliances have been formed. For instance, the Federation Cynologique Internationale (FCI) is an international canine organization that recognizes and registers breeds globally. The FCI acts as an umbrella organization, collaborating with kennel clubs worldwide to establish uniform breed standards and facilitate international dog shows.

While the American Kennel Club, Canadian Kennel Club, and UK Kennel Club share common goals of promoting purebred dogs and responsible breeding, they differ in their recognition of breeds. These differences stem from variations in breed histories, regional preferences, and evolving breed standards. Understanding these distinctions helps us appreciate the diversity within the dog world and the importance of international alliances in harmonizing breed recognition.

Breeds Not Recognized by Club:

American Kennel Club (AKC):

American Hairless Terrier
Catahoula Leopard Dog
Olde English Bulldogge
American Pit Bull Terrier
American Bully
Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog

Canadian Kennel Club (CKC):

Bull Terrier
Dogo Argentino
Cane Corse
Australian Stumpy Tail Cattle Dog
Czechoslovakian Vlcak: This breed, also known as the Czechoslovakian Wolfdog, is not recognized by the CKC.
Peruvian Inca Orchid

UK Kennel Club (UKC):

Dogo Argentino
Boerboel
Australian Stumpy Tail Cattle Dog
Thai Ridgeback

CKC vs. AKC Breed Recognition Comparison Chart

FeatureAKC (American Kennel Club)CKC (Canadian Kennel Club)CKC (Continental Kennel Club)
CountryUnited StatesCanadaUnited States
Year Established188418881991
Official StatusNon-profit organization, official registryNon-profit organization, official registryPrivate, for-profit registry
Breed RecognitionRecognizes 200+ breedsRecognizes 175+ breedsRecognizes 450+ breeds, including mixed breeds
Breed StandardsStrict breed standards set by breed clubsFollows breed standards from international federationsMore flexible breed recognition criteria
Registration RequirementsRequires pedigree proof & DNA verification for some breedsRequires lineage proof & breed verificationAccepts self-confirmed registration with minimal proof
Mixed Breed RegistrationNo, only purebred dogs allowedNo, only purebred dogs allowedYes, accepts hybrid & mixed breeds
Dog Events & ShowsHosts prestigious events like Westminster Dog Show & National Dog ShowHosts Canadian Kennel Club Dog ShowsHosts independent shows, but not as widely recognized
International RecognitionRecognized globally & affiliated with FCI (Fédération Cynologique Internationale)Recognized by FCI & international kennel clubsNot officially recognized by FCI or major kennel clubs
Focus & ReputationStrict standards, exclusive registrationStrict standards, official Canadian registryMore lenient registration, appealing to pet owners

Conclusion: Understanding Kennel Club Differences

While the American Kennel Club (AKC), Canadian Kennel Club (CKC), and UK Kennel Club (UKC) share a common goal of preserving breed standards and promoting responsible breeding, their recognition criteria differ due to historical, regional, and regulatory influences. These differences highlight the diversity in how dog breeds are classified, evaluated, and registered across various countries.

For dog owners, breeders, and enthusiasts, understanding these distinctions is crucial when selecting a registry, entering competitions, or seeking breed-specific information. While AKC and CKC focus on strict pedigree requirements, the UKC recognizes a wider range of breeds, including some that other clubs do not. Additionally, the role of international alliances like the FCI helps bridge these gaps, fostering a more unified approach to breed recognition worldwide.

Final Thoughts

Ultimately, each kennel club serves a unique purpose, and their differences contribute to the rich and diverse world of purebred dogs. Whether you’re considering breed registration, looking to compete in shows, or simply learning about different breed standards, knowing how these organizations operate can help guide informed decisions in the world of dog breeding and ownership.