When it comes to purebred dogs, kennel clubs play a vital role in maintaining breed standards, promoting responsible breeding practices, and organizing dog shows. However, not all kennel clubs recognize the same breeds, leading to variations in breed standards and classifications. In this blog, we will explore the differences between the American Kennel Club (AKC), Canadian Kennel Club (CKC), and UK Kennel Club (UKC), shedding light on how these organizations diverge in their recognition of breeds.
American Kennel Club (AKC)
The AKC, founded in 1884, is the oldest and most influential kennel club in the United States. It recognizes and registers over 195 breeds, categorizing them into seven groups: Sporting, Hound, Working, Terrier, Toy, Non-Sporting, and Herding. The AKC has stringent breed standards, focusing on physical attributes, temperament, and purpose. However, the AKC does not recognize some breeds that are recognized by other kennel clubs, such as the American Pit Bull Terrier.
Canadian Kennel Club (CKC)
Established in 1888, the CKC is the primary kennel club in Canada. It recognizes approximately 175 breeds, organizing them into seven groups: Sporting, Hound, Working, Terrier, Toy, Non-Sporting, and Herding. While the CKC shares many breed standards with the AKC, it also recognizes some breeds that the AKC does not, including the American Pit Bull Terrier. The CKC places emphasis on breed health, temperament, and conformation.
UK Kennel Club (UKC)
The UK Kennel Club, founded in 1873, is the oldest recognized kennel club in the world. It recognizes around 220 breeds, categorizing them into seven groups: Gundog, Hound, Pastoral, Terrier, Toy, Utility, and Working. The UKC has its own set of breed standards, which may differ from those of the AKC and CKC. For instance, the UKC recognizes the American Pit Bull Terrier, which is not recognized by the AKC.
Breed Recognition Discrepancies
One of the primary reasons for differences in breed recognition lies in the varying breed histories and regional preferences. Some breeds may have originated in one country but gained popularity in another, leading to different recognition outcomes. Additionally, breed standards and purposes may evolve over time, resulting in different interpretations by different kennel clubs.
International Alliances
To bridge the gap between kennel clubs and promote breed recognition worldwide, international alliances have been formed. For instance, the Federation Cynologique Internationale (FCI) is an international canine organization that recognizes and registers breeds globally. The FCI acts as an umbrella organization, collaborating with kennel clubs worldwide to establish uniform breed standards and facilitate international dog shows.
While the American Kennel Club, Canadian Kennel Club, and UK Kennel Club share common goals of promoting purebred dogs and responsible breeding, they differ in their recognition of breeds. These differences stem from variations in breed histories, regional preferences, and evolving breed standards. Understanding these distinctions helps us appreciate the diversity within the dog world and the importance of international alliances in harmonizing breed recognition.
Breeds Not Recognized by Club:
American Kennel Club (AKC):
American Hairless Terrier
Catahoula Leopard Dog
Olde English Bulldogge
American Pit Bull Terrier
American Bully
Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog
Canadian Kennel Club (CKC):
Bull Terrier
Dogo Argentino
Cane Corse
Australian Stumpy Tail Cattle Dog
Czechoslovakian Vlcak: This breed, also known as the Czechoslovakian Wolfdog, is not recognized by the CKC.
Peruvian Inca Orchid
UK Kennel Club (UKC):
Dogo Argentino
Boerboel
Australian Stumpy Tail Cattle Dog
Thai Ridgeback
CKC vs. AKC Breed Recognition Comparison Chart
| Feature | AKC (American Kennel Club) | CKC (Canadian Kennel Club) | CKC (Continental Kennel Club) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Country | United States | Canada | United States |
| Year Established | 1884 | 1888 | 1991 |
| Official Status | Non-profit organization, official registry | Non-profit organization, official registry | Private, for-profit registry |
| Breed Recognition | Recognizes 200+ breeds | Recognizes 175+ breeds | Recognizes 450+ breeds, including mixed breeds |
| Breed Standards | Strict breed standards set by breed clubs | Follows breed standards from international federations | More flexible breed recognition criteria |
| Registration Requirements | Requires pedigree proof & DNA verification for some breeds | Requires lineage proof & breed verification | Accepts self-confirmed registration with minimal proof |
| Mixed Breed Registration | No, only purebred dogs allowed | No, only purebred dogs allowed | Yes, accepts hybrid & mixed breeds |
| Dog Events & Shows | Hosts prestigious events like Westminster Dog Show & National Dog Show | Hosts Canadian Kennel Club Dog Shows | Hosts independent shows, but not as widely recognized |
| International Recognition | Recognized globally & affiliated with FCI (Fédération Cynologique Internationale) | Recognized by FCI & international kennel clubs | Not officially recognized by FCI or major kennel clubs |
| Focus & Reputation | Strict standards, exclusive registration | Strict standards, official Canadian registry | More lenient registration, appealing to pet owners |
Conclusion: Understanding Kennel Club Differences
While the American Kennel Club (AKC), Canadian Kennel Club (CKC), and UK Kennel Club (UKC) share a common goal of preserving breed standards and promoting responsible breeding, their recognition criteria differ due to historical, regional, and regulatory influences. These differences highlight the diversity in how dog breeds are classified, evaluated, and registered across various countries.
For dog owners, breeders, and enthusiasts, understanding these distinctions is crucial when selecting a registry, entering competitions, or seeking breed-specific information. While AKC and CKC focus on strict pedigree requirements, the UKC recognizes a wider range of breeds, including some that other clubs do not. Additionally, the role of international alliances like the FCI helps bridge these gaps, fostering a more unified approach to breed recognition worldwide.
Final Thoughts
Ultimately, each kennel club serves a unique purpose, and their differences contribute to the rich and diverse world of purebred dogs. Whether you’re considering breed registration, looking to compete in shows, or simply learning about different breed standards, knowing how these organizations operate can help guide informed decisions in the world of dog breeding and ownership.